![]() ![]() ![]() The shape of the aperture blade determines the basic shapes of these points. GIF by Tiyr and licensed under CC BY-SA 3.0. If the aperture is large, causing a shallow depth of field, more of the image will be smooth and blurred (usually the background if focusing on a subject in the foreground), and points of light in the background will be pleasantly blurred.Īn animation showing how depth of field changes with aperture. When a shutter is pressed and the aperture opened, light enters the camera lens based on the aperture size. Original illustration by MikeRun and licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0. Opening the aperture blades into a larger opening will allow in more light and provide a more shallow depth of field, meaning more of a scene in front and behind the focus point is out of focus. ![]() Contracting the aperture blades into a smaller opening lets in less light and increases the depth of field in the image, meaning a larger range of distances in the scene will be rendered as in focus. The aperture is composed of blades that expand or contract depending on how much light the photographer wants to let into the lens. Depth of field is determined by several factors, including the aperture setting, distance from the subject to its background, and even the lens itself. The key to creating the bokeh effect is using a shallow depth of field.ĭepth of field is the range of focus for an image, or how much of an image is in focus versus how much is out of focus or blurred. There are several things that contribute to creating bokeh in a photograph, including both techniques and hardware choices. If Johnston’s original intended pronunciation is to be considered the correct, official one, then common mispronunciations these days include everything from boke (which rhymes with “joke”), to bo-kay (which rhymes with “okay”, with emphasis on the second syllable) to bo-kuh (which rhymes with “no duh”). “Actually, even spelled boke, it is properly pronounced with bo as in bone and ke as in Kenneth, with equal stress on either syllable.” “Actually, to be precise, what I had noticed was not just that people mispronounced the word as it was commonly spelled, but that they had a tendency to ridicule it, making lame jokes about it as if it rhymed with ‘smoke’ or ‘toke’ or ‘joke’,” he wrote. So how do you pronounce “bokeh”? Johnston explained in 2004 that it should be the Japanese pronunciation of the original word. “I decided that people too readily mispronounced ‘boke,’ so I added an ‘h’ to the word in our articles, and voilá, ‘bokeh’ was born,” he wrote. Johnston says that his personal contribution was adding the letter “h” to the Japanese word to prevent mispronunciations in English. “I then commissioned and published three articles about it in the March/April 1997 issue of Photo Techniques back when I was editor It’s one of the few issues of that magazine that sold out.” “(Perhaps I exaggerate these facts, but only slightly.) “I first learned about ‘bo-ke’ or boke in 1995, from Carl Weese, who learned about it from our mutual friend the oracular and extreme Oren Grad, who holds eight Master’s degrees, three Ph.D.s, and an M.D., and who evidently taught himself Japanese so he could read Japanese photo magazines,” Johnston explained in a 2004 column at The Luminous Landscape. The English word “bokeh” was made popular in 1997 after then Photo Techniques magazine editor Mike Johnston, who now publishes The Online Photographer, commissioned a series of articles about the topic. ![]()
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